13 HGS measurement is not, however, in widespread use as a risk‐stratifying tool. HGS evaluation is a core part of the clinical evaluation of frailty.
11, 12 Its prognostic value, the simplicity of measurement with minimal training, portability, and low cost make it an attractive clinical test to evaluate an individual's overall health in clinical or epidemiologic settings. HGS correlates closely with measures of muscle strength from other muscle groups, including the lower limbs. It is therefore appealing as a tool to stratify an individual's risk of developing CVD, or of susceptibility to death from an incident illness. Moreover, HGS is rapid and simple to measure, and is inexpensive. Weak HGS is also associated with high case‐fatality rates in individuals who develop any of a range of major illnesses, 5 suggesting that low muscle strength may be an important indicator of vulnerability to disease and of frailty. 5 independently of recognised confounding factors, including dietary habits, physical activity, and socioeconomic status. 7 HGS has prognostic value with respect to all‐cause mortality, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 cardiovascular mortality, 5, 10 and cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is convincing evidence to indicate that handgrip strength (HGS) is of prognostic importance in the general population 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and in those with existing disease.
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